French Silent Letters - Lettres Muettes

Colonization of the New World - 3463 Words

Colonization of the New World The discovery and colonization of the â€Å"New World† was one of the most significant and influential events in the known history of mankind. It has shaped our present by changing the course of our past and is a time of such great significance that it would be all but impossible to understand today without at least some comprehension of the why s of yesterday. What was it that drove such a myriad of people to risk so much to tame the wild and vast lands we now know as and call the Americas. What were the reasons, motivations, causes, events, and possibilities that captured the minds and hearts of so many different peoples from such divers backgrounds? What led them to leave their friends, families, and†¦show more content†¦According to Howard Zinn it was for the Gold. Zinn claims that it was money and power that were driving forces behind Columbus. He tells us that Spain promised him a 10% cut of all the gold found, governorship of any new found lands, and the new title of Admiral.[2] Gold and the regulation thereof are the primary focuses of Columbus letter to the King and Queen of Spain, thought to have been written around the year 1492, but definitely written after the his initial discovery.[3] So whether wholly or in part it appears that riches and power were factors contributing to Columbus decision to risk so much. After all he made multiple trips across the Atlantic not just one. So apparently he was concerned with more than just the discovery of a trade route. Columbus discovery was made possible by the Spanish Crown therefore all new found lands were claimed in the name of Spain and a Spanish flag planted on the soil thereof in testament to this fact. Spain was still a catholic nation at this time and the Spanish monarchy still acknowledged the Pope as the dominant spiritual authority on the Earth. However it would not be long after Columbus discovery that all of Europe would be shaken to its very foundation and set abl aze in what we now call the Protestant Reformation. This revolution in spiritual thought was the result of a simpleShow MoreRelatedThe Colonization Of The New World1333 Words   |  6 Pagesin number; fill the earth and subdue it.†, that’s exactly how all the ethnic groups wanted to accomplish dealing with this discovery in this foreign land with farming and the dry land possession in many field spirituals. The colonization’s in the New World was consistently complex to keep peace during those days from wars and competition for claiming the land of opportunities. Between the cultural differences, the Spanish, the Dutch, the French and the English, it was truly a sacrifice for each ofRead MoreThe Colonization Of The New World1836 Words   |  8 PagesThe colonization of the New World by the English began after Queen Elizabeth passed in 1603. This is when King James I signed a treaty with Spain ending decades of warfare after succeeding to the throne and needin g new sources of income, the British decided to act on what they had previously ignored for a variety of reasons. The first colonies formed into two distinct regions, the Chesapeake and New England. Although both regions were colonized by persons of English descent, they contrasted politicallyRead MoreThe Colonization Of The New World1068 Words   |  5 PagesFrom 1689 to 1763, almost 200 years after Columbus’ discovery of the New World, several European nations fought to acquire their share of America’s wealth. The Spanish, leaders in the exploration of the New World, were the first to colonize the Americas. In 1494, two years after Columbus’ expeditions, the Treaty of Tordesillas was ratified by the Pope. This treaty split the New World between Portugal and Spain. By the mid 1500s, Spain had gained control of much of western South America, Central AmericaRead MoreThe Colonization Of The New World Essay2310 Words   |  10 Pagesthat the new world, where th ese slaves were being sent to, had never before been colonized by the Europeans. This meant that only the native populations cultures were in place in both North America and South America, along with the Caribbean islands. As the Western European peoples colonized the territories, alongside the slaves that worked the plantations there, a new culture never before seen began to emerge. It was during this time that the diaspora of these African people created new prosperityRead MoreEuropean Colonization Of The New World1224 Words   |  5 PagesEuropean colonization of the New World began during the European age of exploration and following the discovery of resources in the New World. The various motives of the Spanish, British, and French imperialists were reflected in the political, economic, and social changes that occurred in the areas each government claimed. These changes are very distinctive and led to drastic changes in their respective areas. Spanish conquistadors sought gold and treasure from uncharted lands. Backed by the infantileRead MoreEuropean Exploration And Colonization Of The New World1248 Words   |  5 Pagespolitical, economic, and social reasons for European exploration and colonization of the New World Power was the main focus for the Europeans to explore and colonize the new world. The Europeans realized by possessing colonies in the new world, they would grow and have more power to challenge other nations. The Spanish became a competitor because they started to realize how valuable the new land could be to their country by obtaining new riches from the land. By discovering these riches, the country wouldRead MoreColonization Of The New World s Mission939 Words   |  4 PagesColonization is the act of setting up a colony away from one s place of origin† (Colonization, 2015) .The history of the colonization of Massachusetts and Georgia is very interesting both of these two colonies were founded under basically the same premises which were seeking a better life. However, there are some similarities and differences that are evident. The founders of the New World’s mission were freedom. However, their number reasoning was spiritual freedom. They were tired of the ChurchRead MoreSpanish And British Colonization Of The New World970 Words   |  4 Pagescolonizing the new world relatively at the same time their colonization efforts we’re extremely different but had some overlapping similarities. The differences include the two nations different reasoning to explore the New World, their relationship with the Natives, and it types of governments that they attempted to set up. Although some of these differences might not seem as if they are very important, they helped one nation do you better than the other one when it came to colonization efforts. FirstRead MoreThe European Nations And The Colonization Of The New World898 Words   |  4 PagesNations short after the discovery of the New World sought out to colonize it for befits of there own nations. The three European Nations most involved in the colonization of the New World was Spain, France and England but each for there own unique reasons. The Spanish, the French and the English desire for wealth, religious expansion, and political advantages motivated them to attempt to colonize the New World. Although they were all able to set foot on the New World some where able to colonize enablingRead MoreColonization Or Imperialism Is Done By Treaties Or Agreements?1652 Words   |  7 Pages Colonization Lis Mendez AIU Online Abstract Prior to the modern or new era it was believed that conquers who conquered other lands had the right to take possession of that land, its riches, resources and even the people in order to achieve their own political agenda. Today the concept has changed, colonization or imperialism is done by treaties or agreements, they are acts in which governments negotiate with a less powerful country, they lead them to believe that their colonization will

Greed in a Simple Plan by Alfred A. Knopf - 893 Words

Greed is undeniably a characteristic of being human. Even two hundred thousand years ago, when the first examples of modern humans were in a competition for food and survival, they naturally had to be greedy in order to survive and contribute to the gene pool in order for further generations to evolve and adapt. Darwin proved this with his theory of evolution stating that the species that are better adapted to the environment would be able to spend less time looking for food and more time mating (contributing to the gene pool), while the species who are not as well adapted would die off. The play â€Å"Macbeth† and the motion picture based on the book â€Å"A Simple Plan† display these themes of greed profusely as the main characters from each are affected by the same characteristic that had previously allowed for human survival. Macbeth in Shakespeare’s â€Å"Macbeth† and Hank in the film â€Å"A Simple Plan† are both affected by greed as they bot h turn into murders who backstab their friends, they both ruin their relationship with their wives, and they both end up destroying their lives. The many mafias around the world have a few things in common, they are all greedy but they are also all loyal. Even criminals like them understand that loyalty is the most important trait. The quote â€Å"Who do you think he’s gonna believe, huh? You? A year old unemployed high school dropout, who’s proud when people call him the town drunk, or me?† (Raimi, A Simple Plan) shows the lengths that Hank goes to, inShow MoreRelatedLangston Hughes Research Paper25309 Words   |  102 Pageswell-to-do Mexicans. He taught English at a private girls school and also at a business college. Tension between Langston and his father eased somewhat until the two of them journeyed by horseback to Jims ranch. As they rode along, Jim revealed his plan to send Langston to a university in Europe where he could study mining engineering and return to Mexico and go into business with his father. Langston had no talent for engineering and no interest in becoming a resident of Mexico. When he confessedRead MoreNotes18856 Words   |  76 Pagesthe information collected suggested that a given area had a pleasant climate, friendly  ­ eople, p evidence of natural resources, or good prospects for lucrative trade, then plans were laid down for a government-financed expeditionary force. Frequently, the explorers themselves could not resist the temptation of greed and amassed large amounts of wealth or precious cargo. Often, exploratory trips were sponsored and subsidized directly by European governments or government-chartered learned organizationsRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pageshave connected all the continents since 1500 C.E., helping create the political, social, and ethnic landscapes of the world today. Premodern societies were far from static.1 But we cannot project this fact into a history of mobility that is one of simple continuity or gradual change. The conceptual association of mobility and modernity is not just a teleological assumption. Moving may have been one of the elemental activities of our species, along with eating and reproducing, but mass movement wasRead MoreManagement Course: Mba−10 General Management215330 Words   |  862 Pagesin terms of new productivity. This goes well beyond digitizing businesses. Instead, it confronts established companies with basic demands for innovation that extend far beyond technology, particularly in terms of how to traverse the Net’s business plan minefields. Moreover, it confronts the more durable and surviving dot-com businesses with equally basic issues of innovation in regard to making their fiscal discipline as focused as their market development. Productivity, which has always been recognizedRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesImproving Self-Awareness Through Self-Disclosure 89 Through the Looking Glass 89 Diagnosing Managerial Characteristics 90 An Exercise for Identifying Aspects of Personal Culture: A Learning Plan and Autobiography 92 SKILL APPLICATION 95 Activities for Develop ing Self-Awareness 95 Suggested Assignments 95 Application Plan and Evaluation 95 SCORING KEYS AND COMPARISON DATA 97 Self-Awareness Assessment 97 Scoring Key 97 Comparison Data 97 Emotional Intelligence Assessment 97 Scoring Key 97 Comparison DataRead MoreProject Managment Case Studies214937 Words   |  860 Pagespresentation to his executive staff outlining the strategies he wished to see implemented to improve productivity: Our objective for the next twelve months is to initiate a planning system with the focus on strategic, developmental, and operational plans that will assure continued success of WCE and support for our broad objectives. Our strategy is a four-step process: To better clarify expectations and responsibility To establish cross-functional goals and objectives 18 WYNN COMPUTER EQUIPMENTRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 PagesTheory General Systems Theory builds hierarchies of knowledge that relate to different levels of sophistication in understanding organizations The basic systems of the organization: what every organization must have to survive The organization as simple machine Level 3: ‘Get the structure and systems right so that all is in balance’ Level 4: ‘The machine is alive! – well, almost’ How modernist organization theory underpins conventional understandings of the relationship between organizations andRead MoreRastafarian79520 Words   |  319 Pageshomes and of disjointed tribes of people trapped by history. It is an image of ï ¬ re and blood, of being on the edge, in limbo, in the wilderness, in concrete jungles. . . . It is a desolation in which man feels disjointed and out of line with the plans of creation.16 Reggaes most famous superstar, Bob Marley, echoes Forsythes feeling of alienation in even more terse language: â€Å"Ive been down on the rock so, I BABYLON AND DREAD REVITALIZATION 45 seem to wear a permanent screw.†17 Obviously

The Cause of Parkinsons Disease Essay - 1127 Words

Parkinson’s Disease Parkinson’s disease is a â€Å"neurodegenerative disorder of the basal nuclei due to insufficient secretion of the neurotransmitter dopamine† (Marieb Hoehn, 2013, p. G-17). The cause of Parkinson’s disease is unknown, but many factors play a role in the development of Parkinson’s disease. One factor that has been found in an individual who has Parkinson’s disease causes over activity of targeted dopamine-deprived basal nuclei. This over activity is caused by the breakdown of neurons that release dopamine in the substantia nigra (Marieb Hoehn, 2013). Another factor that is present in a person who has Parkinson’s disease, is the presence of lewy bodies in the brain stem (What is lbd?, 2014). Lewy bodies are unusual†¦show more content†¦Also, a person may have begun walking leaning forward or began moving very slow. Along with the physical symptoms one can feel or family can see, there are problems inside of the body. The body is no l onger creating dopamine the way it should be. Dopamine can either be an excitatory or inhibiting hormone, depending on its destination receptor. If dopamine is not created or secreted these receptors will not be used and will result in difficulties because it will not be able to carry out its job (Marieb Hoehn, 2013). Parkinson’s disease is a very well-known disease. It plagues about five million people worldwide, about a million of those cases are in the United States. A person does not lower their chances of getting Parkinson’s by living in a certain part of the world. It is not more, likely to happen in one location than, another. It has to do with age and genetics (â€Å"Demographics of parkinson’s,† 2014). It is a disease of the older generation, around about one percent of people over the age of 60 years old have Parkinson’s disease (Hauser, 2014). As one ages the likelihood of a person developing goes up. About four percent of people over the age of 80 years old develop Parkinson’s disease. The percentage of people who have Parkinson’s that are younger than 40 years old, is less than 10 percent. It is moreShow MoreRelatedThe Causes and Detrimental Effects of Parkinsons Disease607 Words   |  2 PagesParkinson’s disease is a slow prog ressive degenerative condition characterized by resting tremor, expressionless (mask-like) face, muscular rigidity, flexed posture, slow movements, and moderate to severe progressive dysarthria (Bhatnagar, 2002). Degenerative parkinsonian disorders can be inherited or sporadic, but are all distinguished by a loss in selective populations of vulnerable neurons. The common factor for all degenerative parkinsonian disorders is loss of dopaminergic neurons of the substantiaRead MoreParkinson’s Disease Essay1446 Words   |  6 PagesParkinson’s Disease is known as one of the most common progressive and chronic neurodegenerative disorders. It belongs to a group of conditions known as movement disorders. Parkinson disease is a component of hypokinetic disorder because it causes a decreased in bodily movement. It affects people who are usually over the age of 50. It can impair an individual motor as well as non-motor function. Some of the primary symptoms of Parkinson’ s disease are characterized by tremors or trembling in handsRead MoreParkinson s Disease And The Disease1336 Words   |  6 PagesParkinson’s disease is a chronic disorder of the nervous system with a gradual onset that primarily affects the body’s motor system. The symptoms of the disease are mainly caused by the death of dopamine-producing cells in the midbrain. Dopamine is an important neurotransmitter that, among other things, is responsible for playing a role in how the brain controls bodily movements. Therefore, the cardinal symptoms of the disease are movement related, including tremor and rigid, jerky movements. Parkinson’sRead MoreEssay about Advances in Parkinson’s Disease1345 Words   |  6 Pagesall affected by one disease (Parkinson’s Disease Foundation, Statistics). That disease is Parkinson’s disease. Parkinson’s takes away little things like movement that many of us take for granted. Lives are changed because of Park inson’s, but there is hope. Through medical breakthroughs discovered in recent years, my grandpa and many others suffering from Parkinson’s disease have a chance at a better life. History of Parkinson’s Disease Signs or symptoms of Parkinson’s disease have been recordedRead MoreParkinson s Disease : A Disease1196 Words   |  5 PagesParkinson’s disease Chase J Fowler Missouri Southern State University â€Æ' What is Parkinson’s disease (PD)? Parkinson’s is a disease that causes the nervous system to degenerate which means that person’s health is declining mentally, physically, and morally. Parkinson’s causes a loss in balance, which is the cause for most of the falls. These falls lead to the most injuries a Parkinson’s patient has; whether it be fractures or concussions. It causes a loss in muscle movement and muscle control. PatientsRead MoreThe Parkinsons Disease1596 Words   |  6 PagesMany people around the world today suffer from Parkinson’s disease and other movement disorders. A movement disorder is a disorder impairing the speed, fluency, quality, and ease of movement. There are many types of movement disorders such as impaired fluency and speed of movement (dyskinesia), excessive movements (hyperkinesia), and slurred movements (hypokinesia). Some types of movement disorders are ataxia, a lack of coordination, Huntingtons disease, multi ple system atrophies, myoclonus, briefRead MoreParkinson s Disease : A Common Neurological Disorder1157 Words   |  5 Pagesin his description for Parkinson’s disease. This disease is a very common neurological disorder. Two centuries ago, James Parkinson was the first to describe the disease in detail. He published a monograph, â€Å"An Essay on the Shaking Palsy,† describing a neurological illness consisting of resting tremors and an odd form of progressive motor disability, now known as Parkinson’s disease. Parkinson’s disease is associated with many challenges and complexities. The diagnosis, causes and risk factors, andRead MoreParkinson s Disease And Treatment Of Muscle Control1656 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Parkinson’s disease is a highly pathological disease dated back for thousands of years. It is the most common movement disorder in our current society and the second most common neurodegenerative disorder. Parkinson’s disease was first studied by James Parkinson in 1817, which resulted in the identification of the common symptoms of the disease. (Parkinson’s Disease Information, 2014) This disease is characterized by a progressive loss of muscle control. This loss of muscle controlRead MoreThe Parkinsons Disease761 Words   |  3 PagesMathur states that â€Å"Genetics loads the gun, environment pulls the trigger† (Mathur). Parkinson’s Disease (PD) exhibits this pattern, with the vast majority of PD cases being idiopathic, likely the result of combined genetic and environmental factors. While many researchers previously sought symptom-specific treatment, recent breakthroughs open the door for the discovery of genetic and environmental causes so that disease prevention, and even reversal, emerge as viable possibilities. Recent research demonstratesRead MoreThe Disease Of Parkinson s Disease1648 Words   |  7 Pages Abstract Parkinson’s disease has been cataloged as one of the most serious and slowly progressive neurodegenerative disease that affects a wide array of motor and non-motor aspects that impact the function of a person. Afflicting over four million Americans and the second most common neurological disorder after Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s continues to take its toll on the neurological health of many(Constantinescu et al, 2007 ). James Parkinson, a British physician

Freud and Hansel and Gretel - 1613 Words

Description for Characters 2) Hansel - Hansel is a 14 year old Caucasian male and his ethnicity is German. He has had no formal education, but learned what he could from his father and mother while they were both alive. He is very skinny and has an average health at the beginning of the story. His social status is fairly low as a person within the forest; this is because he is poor, has a lack of resources and was not born as a female witch. Hansel on a daily basis attempts to help his father gather food, although he is not very good at it. When Hansel has free time he enjoys exploring in the forest. 2) Gretel - Gretel is a 13 year old Caucasian female and she shares her brother’s ethnicity. She is the same as her brother in regards to†¦show more content†¦Examples of when he is cunning include, when he distracts his stepmother and father in order to drop the pebbles and breadcrumbs on the ground. Next, examples of when he is optimistic comprise of when he tells his sister Wait a little until the moon comes up, and then well find the way. Finally examples of when he is brave consist of when he comforts his sister and tells her Dont cry, Gretel. Sleep well. God will help us. In the end since Hansel is very positive I believe he would score very low on neuroticism if he could take the test and then took the test. 3) Gretel - During the beginning of the story, Gretel is not very positive. Specific examples include when she finds out her parents are plotting to abandon her, and she exclaims It is over with us! in secret to Hansel. Another example involves when she cries â€Å"How will we get out of woods? to her brother Hansel. As a final point considering the above, I believe this makes Gretel more neurotic than her brother. Traumatic Event and Changes 3) Hansel – During his encounter with the witch, Hansel is still very cunning but his other attributes have seemed toShow MoreRelatedWhat Are The Five Characteristics Of A Quest?1901 Words   |  8 Pagestheir advantage. 27.) â€Å"Hansel and Gretel Witch Hunters† - Hansel and Gretel kill the witch as in the fairy tale but in the fifteen years that follow, Hansel and Gretel become famed witch hunters, slaying hundreds of witches. They become immune to spells and curses, but the incident in the gingerbread house has left Hansel diabetic. He needs a shot of insulin every few hours or he will get sick and die. This effect was irony, to mess around with the story of hansel and gretel. 28.) Myth is a bodyRead MoreWizard of Oz as a Fairytale Essay4056 Words   |  17 Pagesawareness of feminist, political and sexual criticism through which they will are assessed. He lifts phrases almost verbatim from Grimm such as she wished the girl to remain with her to do the cooking and cleaning (Baum, 27) from Hansel and Gretel. Dorothy says to the Scarecrow If you come with me Ill ask Oz to do all he can for you(22). Which is reminiscent of the soldiers words in The Six Who Went Far in the World (Grimm, 173). The basic plot is similar in that

Role of Employee Perfromance Management System

Question: Describe about the Role of Employee Perfromance Management System. Answer: Project context I am currently pursuing my studies in management of engineers and project professionals and want to work in an organization where I can actively contribute to the growth and development. Thus, I want to learn the skills of the trade and become a professional who is able to perform well in the management domain. I am particularly interested in software project management profession. With my research project, I would like to explore the area of software projects thereby studying how they work and are adopted which would help me later when I plan to work on specific software development or adoption projects. My topic of research is employee performance management system. Professionalism cannot be defined in single context but it can be different for different professionals as their job roles differ so they need to exhibit different sets of behaviour to appear professional in any organization. For instance, a customer service employee may be considered professional if he or she is very friendly with the customers but the accountant may be a finance manager would be judged as professional on the basis of the knowledge of financial ratios. Being from an engineering background, a major challenge in the current study has been my transition from the tendency to use quantitative methods for assessment of the world to qualitative studies in management context. I can already feel the new skills that are required to be adopted in order to become professional in a managerial environment. The project chosen would help me fill this gap as I would be exploring not just the IT principles but also management principles by assessing the actual role of systems in the organization. This would help me understand why some of the development principles are established to make IT systems effective and identify if there is a scope for improvements in the development methods of IT systems that can help in the management context(Dudman Wearne, 2003). Besides learning the principles of development and management, it is also important that an engineer understands some ethical codes of conduct such that his actions remain good for all those around. As this is a research project which would use primary methods of exploration, study of ethical considerations would be a significant part of the research considering the involvement of people whose professional and personal interests are required to be secured. I would apply the management principles I have learnt in the course to the performance management systems usage to understand how effective they are in improving employee performance. This research would help me not only learn the applications of principles of management but would also make me take a professional approach helping me become a professional. Further, considering the chosen subject, I would also learn how employees are assessed in the organizations such that I can gain some practical understanding of what is considered as professional for engineers working in organizations and if that is a criterion for judgement. Thus, this project would help me in the overall development as a professional considering technology learning, managerial adoption and ethical considerations. Project Proposal Topic: Significance of a Learning Management System for Employee Background When organizations have to take decisions on appraisal of their employees, they are required to establish some systems. Most traditional organizations had manual systems used for appraisal which was largely dependent on the relationships between employer and employee, junior and senior as senior feedback would decide on the employee rating. However, this case pose a risk of employee losing opportunities to get good grades despite performing if the senior manager is not ethical or transparent. Thus, performance management systems can play a good role in ensuring transparency and using best practices of performance appraisals in a system. Thus, may organizations have started to adapt to ICT based performance management system. In this research, a study would be conducted with a focus on these digital performance management systems in the organization to understand their roles, benefits and drivers of adoption. Justification Employees are key human assets of any organization because their performance largely impacts the performance of the organization. Thus, assessment of employee performance is a necessary measure that helps a company understands how employees are working and identify best performers. These systems help organizations make the employee appraisal systems objective as well as transparent. Most organizations already have some performance appraisal systems that cannot be avoided even if they are manual. Adoption of the performance management system involving technology can make things simple and help company implement human resource management policies more effectively. Aim and objectives Aim of this research is to understand the significance and the role of performance management system in organizations. For this certain objectives would be achieved including: Understanding of how performance management systems work in various organizations Understand the drivers of adoption and benefits of using ICT based employ performance management system Come up with recommendations for best practices of using employee performance management systems Timeline Initiate Research : Week 1 ending on 12th Jan 2017 Information gathering : Week 2 ending on 19th Jan 2017 Introduction: Week 3 ending on 25thJan 2017 Literature Review : Week 4 5 ending on 9th Feb 2017 Research Methodology: Week 8 ending on 10th Mar 2017 Data Collection : Week 9 ending on 17th Mar 2017 Data Analysis : Week 10 ending on 21st Mar 2017 Interpretations and Discussions: Week 11 ending on 30th Mar 2017 Report completion : Week 12 ending on 5th Apr 2017 Proofreading Editing : Week 13 on 12th April 2017 Report Submission: 15th April 2017 Literature review An effective performance management system can help organization clarify roles and responsibilities, enhance individual as well as the group productivity of employees, help them develop their capabilities necessary for organizational performance, help company align their employee goals with the organizational goals, provide a base for human resource management decisions, and improve communication happening between different employees(University of Missouri , 2011). A typical performance management system consists of some standard management processes including performance planning, feedback, employee inputs, performance evaluation, and performance review. Based on the review, the performance planning is again modified. All these processes can be organized and formalized using performance management systems(Pulakos, 2004). A performance planning happens when a dialogue happens between the employer or senor and the employee whose performance has to be measured. This interaction is aimed at establish specific performance goals and identifying job expectations. These measures are useful while conducting reviews into he end which is again a two way discussion process between senior manager and employee where they would be discussing performance achievements, goals for improvement an identify the employee training or improvement needs. The evaluation of the employee in May organization is not based on the feedback from only the reporting manager but from multiple people in the staff including peers, other team members, and other department employees who may be providing feedback about the person. Goals of performance management systems are to improve performance of employs, support them in development, align compensation as per the performance display, and strengthen the accountability of the management responsible for performance appraisals. If an employee needs to succeed in such a system, he or she would require understanding their fitness to work and be an active participant while defining their job roles and responsibilities. Project Organisation For the purpose of this research, the chosen organization is Samsung Electronics Private limited which is a telecommunication organization and the company uses a performance management system for managing appraisals for their employees. The research would involve a primary investigation through the interviews that would be conducted on the employees of the organization to understand how their performance management systems work in the company. This would also involves questions on the effectiveness of the system that would asked to the senior management people Conclusions The aim of this research is to understand the role of performance management systems in the modern organizations. For this, the paper takes the case of Samsung Electronics Pvt. Ltd which uses an ICT based performance management system. An interview would be conducted with its employees to understand the performance management system plays in the organizational and employee development. References Aberdeen , 2008. Opertional KPI's and Performance Management, s.l.: Aberdeen Group. ALI?KAN, E. N., 2010. THE IMPACT OF STRATEGIC HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ON ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE. Journal of Naval Science and Engineering , 6(2), pp. 100-116. Dudman, A. Wearne, S. H., 2003. Professional Engineers Needs for Managerial Skills and Expertise , s.l.: EMTA. Melchar, D. E. Bosco, S. M., 2010. Achieving High Organization Performance through Servant Leadership, s.l.: Roger Williams University. MICHAELSEN, L. K., 1973. Leader Orientation, Leader Behavior, Group Effectiveness and Situational Favorability: An Empirical Extension of the Contingency Model. ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR AND HUMAN PERFORMANCE , Volume 9, pp. 226-245. Popy, K. Alam, N., 2012. Evaluation of Performance Appraisal System at GSK, Bangladesh, LTD, s.l.: BRAC Business School (BBS) . Pulakos, E. D., 2004. Performance Management: A roadmap for Developing, implementing , and evaluating performance management systems, s.l.: SHRM Foundations. Rajhans, K., 2012. Effective Organizational Communication: a Key to Employee Motivation and Performance. National Institute of Construction Management Research, 2(2), pp. 81-85.

Management Skills and Entrepreneurship

Questions: In your role as a first-time entrepreneur, you are required to prepare an individual written presentation to outline and explain the following: 1. The importance of creativity and innovation in entrepreneurship.2. Your New Venture Concept based on a detailed feasibility analysis.3. Your proposed strategy and business model to explain how the new venture will work to achieve positive financial results.4. The conditions which must prevail to avoid failure. Answers: Abstract A business plan is an important factor for any start-up business as it provides plan to the business and also indicates the future of the business depending upon the projected financial statement analysis. Here, in this report an entrepreneur intends to start-up a business in Malaysia in the service sector, such as a restaurant that will serve only Asian foods to the consumers. Thus, in this report a feasibility analysis and a projected financial analysis have been performed that indicates the feasibility of the proposed business. The positive economical and social condition will support the proposed business. In addition to this, the positive financial outcome of the projected financial statement analysis has also been performed. This indicates the feasibility of the business that is the particular entrepreneur will be able to start-up the proposed business as it will run successfully in future. Introduction An entrepreneur is defined as an individual who takes the risks of an enterprise with the aim to bring in change within the business and also aims to earn profit by inventing new ways to combine the resources (Bohlander and Snell 2013). The successful entrepreneurs add value to the economy for the broader group of stakeholders. Therefore, an entrepreneur can also be defined as an individual who develops the opportunities regarding economy by the procedure of innovation, business skills, funding and people. The stable economic condition of the country will help and motivate the entrepreneur to set up the new business (Byars and Rue 2011). Thus, it can also be said that the entrepreneurial procedure is the particular process that converts an invention into an innovation for earning economic profit. This report represents how a first-time entrepreneur analyzes the market, its competitiveness and its feasibility in order to start a business. Here, a first-time entrepreneur plans to start -up a business in Malaysia and focuses on the service sector. The entrepreneur intends to start-up a full-service restaurant in the country of Malaysia that will provide Asian foods. The reason behind this is that the Malaysia is a popular tourist spot. Moreover, Malaysia has a rich tourism industry, and this helps to bring in more tourists from various countries and continents every year. The growing tourism industry of Malaysia has put a positive impact on the economy of the country. In addition to this, it can be said that the tourism industry has also indirectly put an impact on the food industry and has also affected the other business sectors of the country positively (Armstrong and Armstrong 2011). The increased numbers of tourists of various countries increase the demand for various types of foods in the country and thus it can be said that opening a full-service food restaurant in Malaysia is a good proposal for a start-up business. However, in order to ensure the success o f the particular business, the following feasibility analysis and financial analysis have been performed in detail. Importance of Creativity and Innovation in Entrepreneurship In present days, entrepreneurship is taken as the primary factor that helps in economic development. The entrepreneurs strive hard to develop more opportunities within the sector and provide enormous options of employment and finally provide a positive impact on the revenue generation, per capital income and lifestyle (DeCenzo, Robbins and Verhulst 2013). The other important factor of the entrepreneurship is creativity. It has been found that the main features or characteristics of the process of entrepreneurship are composed of innovation, economic importance, profit maximization, risk taking and job opportunities. Therefore, from these features only, it can be said that innovation is an important factor in case of the entrepreneurial process, as the mind of an entrepreneur revolves around various new ideas and various opportunities for innovation (Armstrong 2014). Entrepreneurship includes the spontaneous examination of present workflows of business and devises the ways to carry th em in a more effective and efficient way, in terms of cost and time. Based on the characteristics of the entrepreneurs, a thorough surveillance of the entrepreneurial process indicates that the creative thinking is the most effective skill for every entrepreneur as this skill of creativity helps the entrepreneur to create or generate new ideas (DelCampo 2011). The skill of creativity allows an individual or an entrepreneur to devise interesting procedures that provides various benefits to the business persons. However, the close analysis indicates that the creativity is an essential factor for the entrepreneurs as this leads to innovation and also creates new ideas for gaining competitive advantage. The entire procedure of entrepreneurship is developed based on the creation skill and on the exploration of new ideas. Therefore, it is said that the ability of an entrepreneur is to generate new ideas and when these new ideas are efficient and feasible it provides the entrepreneur with an edge over the competition. Secondly, coming up with novel ways helps the entrepreneurs to develop or create his own product and thus the unique product or service provided by the entrepreneur helps to improve the particular business. Creativity skill helps the entrepreneur to create ways that will help or guide the entrepreneur to improve the existing service and/ or product. In addition to this, the skill of creativity helps an entrepreneur to start a new business and also to optimize it. Creativity and innovation makes the entrepreneur to think the unthinkable and this helps the entrepreneur to create and discover new products and services for his business. The versatile, unique, new and interesting products and services help the business to run successfully. The innovation and creativity are the skills that help the entrepreneurs to find the same pattern in various or differentiated ways. In addition to this, the development of the new inches takes place through entrepreneursh ip and creativity because the new aspects of the traditional business have already been explored. This change can be occurred by changing the form of the method of delivering the service and / or by changing the form of procedure of manufacturing the product. Thus, it can be said that all these factors can develop a niche market that might have a much potentiality in the business. Feasibility Analysis of the New Venture Concept The feasibility study is an evaluation and an analysis of a proposed project that helps in determining the technical feasibility and the feasibility regarding the estimated cost. This analysis also helps to identify if the project will be profit making or loss making (Dessler 2013). Therefore, before starting-up any business an entrepreneur should perform the feasibility analysis in order to ensure about the success of the business as this analysis indicates the technical feasibility, analyze the estimated cost of a start-up business and also analyze its profitability. Generally this study is taken into consideration when a large amount of sums are at stake (Harzing and Pinnington 2011). In this report, the feasibility analysis of a start up business that is a full-service food restaurant in Malaysia has been performed that will serve Asian foods to the people of the mentioned country that is the inhabitants of Malaysia and the tourists who visit the place. In this report, the feasib ility analysis has been performed on the basis of the new venture concept. Thus the feasibility analysis has been performed in five steps, by focusing on each of the key elements of the proposed start-up business that is a full-service food restaurant in Malaysia. Product / Service Industry Attractiveness Market Attractiveness Organizational Feasibility Financial Feasibility Services The particular entrepreneur intends to start up a business in the service sector. The first time entrepreneur intends to start up a full-service food restaurant in the country Malaysia. The reason behind this is that the population of the country Malaysia has a significant pool of consumers who are active and have evolving habits of eating. The increase in the consumption level of the beverages and the imported food also influence the food industry of the country in a positive direction. The population of the country Malaysia is around 35 million and it has been found that most of the population in the particular country is relatively young and only 32 % of the total population are under 15 years old (Hayton 2011). As per the statistical figure, more than 60 % of the total population of Malaysia is in the income group of middle to high (Ivancevich and Konopaske 2013). This represents the higher purchasing power of the inhabitants of the particular country and this also indicates the increased modern and sophisticated lifestyles of the people of Malaysia. The rate of unemployment in the country is also very low. Therefore, this leads to a greater consumption of various types of foods including the imported food and the beverages from various countries. As the economic condition of Malaysia is high and stable, the lifestyle of the people of the nation is also high and they can easily afford various types of foods from restaurants (Dessler 2013). It has been found that the consumers of the country are increasingly willing to dine out nowadays at the full range of developments that are available in Malaysia. These include - full-service food restaurants, fine dining eateries, casual dining eateries and fast food restaurants. Therefore, it can be said that as the income level of the people of Malaysia is high and the economic condition of the country is stable and growing, their lifestyle have also changed and this has changed their habits of consumption of foods. T his changing nature of the people of the country has positive impact on the business plan of the particular entrepreneur that is of starting up a full-service restaurant in Malaysia. In addition to this, it can also be said that the country has a rich and developed tourism sector and is very popular for its tourists (Dowling, Festing and Engle 2013). The increased numbers of tourists also put positive impact on the food industry. Therefore, it can be said that the business plan regarding providing service in Malaysia i.e. a full-service restaurant is a perfect option. Thus a new business by an entrepreneur and the service of providing Asian foods will be appreciated by all its consumers. Industry Attractiveness The economic condition of Malaysia is well developed due to its enhancing tourism industry. Due to the influence of the tourism industry, the other industries have also been developed. One of these is the food industry. Therefore, it can be said that the food industry has also been developed well in the recent decades (Dessler 2014). The particular industry is much attractive for the particular entrepreneur as by analyzing the food sector of Hotel Restaurant Institutional in Malaysia, it can be said that at present there are about 2095 resorts and hotels that are registered with the Ministry of Tourism and there are about 170,000 rooms available across Malaysia. The occupancy rate in the country is about 75% or more (Prescott and Rothwell 2012). It has been found that in order to attract more international and local Muslims, some of the resorts and hotels have required certification of Halal, of which around 123 hotels have been approved by the National Islamic Authority as Halal (Mo ndy and Mondy 2014). Malaysia has a wider form of dining establishments that includes full service food restaurants, cafes, fast food restaurants, food courts, food stalls, pubs, bars and eat-in bakeries. The particular industry is attractive for the particular entrepreneur as by market survey, it can be said that the demand of the Asian foods is high in the country. This implies that the start-up business of the particular entrepreneur will also run well in the country. Survey suggests that majority of the restaurants provide Asian cuisine along with the Chinese restaurants that dominates the high and mid end restaurants. The other dominating restaurants in Malaysia are Malay, Japanese (various formats/ cuisines), Indian (various cuisines), Thai and Indonesian restaurants that generally dominate the local ones. As the particular sector is rising, the numbers of new entrants is also increasing. However, the existing companies in the particular sector are the main barriers to the n ew entrants, these include Chillis Pub and Grill, Tony Romas, TGI Fridays, Outback, KFC, McDonalds, Songket, Nai Kandar Pelita, Ah Koong Restaurant and many more (Price and Price 2011). Market Attractiveness The key buyers of the proposed business in the service sector are the people of Malaysia that is the inhabitants of the nation and the tourists who visit the place. The size of the potential customer base will be quite large. This is because the population of the country is composed of about 35 million and of this about 60 % of the total population has a high income level (Ivancevich and Konopaske 2013). In addition to this, the numbers of tourists in the country have started to increase with the passage of time. Therefore by combining both it can be said that the size of the potential customer base is much larger for the proposed business. The increased level of income and the well developed economy of the country indicate that the consumers of the country are increasingly willing to dine out (Noe 2014). This indicates the buying behavior of the consumers of the country that implies higher sales of the proposed business. The brand loyalty plays a vital role in every sector, but in M alaysia, the population is high as well as the numbers of restaurants are also more. Thus, as per the demand of various consumers, all the restaurants in the nation generally run well, especially due to the increased numbers of tourists. Therefore, it can be said that there is a huge probability that the proposed business will run well. The target market and the target customers of the proposed business are the tourists and the people of Malaysia who prefer to taste the Asian food or who have willingness to taste the Asian food. Various types of food items will be served by the proposed business. Thus, this will attract more customers and thus the revenue of the firm will increase. The innovation and the new ideas regarding the operation of the business will attract more customers and thus the revenue of the firm will increase in future (Mondy and Mondy 2012). The particular entrepreneur has to perform market survey and market research in order to access the information about the po tential customers. The increased numbers of potential customers indicate the market attractiveness for the proposed business. Organizational Feasibility The particular entrepreneur is a first time entrepreneur. Thus, he does not have any practical knowledge regarding business, but he has theoretical knowledge regarding the business and the management. The entrepreneur will take advice regarding the start-up of the business and the regulation and the operation of the particular proposed business from the people who are experienced in the same field. The entrepreneur might get support from the legal rules, regulations and policies of the government of the country. The unique, healthy, fresh, hot and delicious food will be served by the proposed restaurant and this will be considered as the organizational competency. The required skills that are required by the entrepreneur for running the proposed business successfully include the skill of creativity, innovation, managerial skill, ability to predict, understandability towards the field of business and the market (Mendling and Weidlich 2012). The business will be operated systematically and proper business model will be implemented in order to run the proposed business successfully. The essential resources that are required for launching the new proposed business are the man power, fund and intangible resources like patent, brand name and many more. However, there are various risks associated with the implementation of these resources, these are if the company does not earn more revenue and profit then the company might suffer from making loss. The entrepreneur will invest his own fund as a capital of the proposed business and this will sufficient for running the business for first two years. The brand building, the increased numbers of customers, increased sales, complements to the service and the quality of food will provide energy and will also motivate the entrepreneurs to succeed in future (Rosa and Soffer 2013). Financial Feasibility Start-up Capital: For starting up business, financials are the main elements as the financials or the funds act as the fuel for the operation of the proposed business. The start-up capital costs are as follows: Start-up Expenses Amount (MYR) Legal 7000 Logo 2000 Promotional Materials 5000 Insurance 8000 Computer 2500 Lease Expense 10000 Furniture 6000 Utensils 7500 Total Start Up Capital Required 48000 Therefore, after calculating the start-up expenses, it can be said that the start-up capital is MYR 48,000. Working Capital: The projection of the proposed business has been done for five years. Therefore, the working capital has been calculated for five years. Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Current Assets (MYR) 24000 20000 35000 30000 40000 Current Liabilities (MYR) 10000 7000 12000 15000 18000 Working Capital (MYR) 14000 13000 23000 15000 22000 The projected working capital indicates that the requirement of the working capital for five years is volatile. Depending upon the increase in demand and increase in sales, the working capital of the company has also increased with the passage of time (Robinson 2012). Projected Financial Statements: Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Forecasted Sales Volume 10000 15000 20000 30000 40000 Suggested Prices: Food Items Amount (MYR) Beverages 200 Snacks 1000 Starter 1000 Soups 550 Desserts 500 Main Meal Course: Chinese 900 Indian 1000 Malaysian 500 Thai 700 Japanese 1000 Indonesian 950 Fixed and Variable costs: Costs Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year4 Year5 Fixed Costs (MYR): Rent / Lease 10000 10000 10000 10000 10000 Vehicles 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 Furniture 6000 6000 6000 6000 6000 Utensils 7500 7500 7500 7500 7500 Interior Decoration Expense 3000 3000 3000 3000 3000 Total 28500 28500 28500 28500 28500 Variable Costs (MYR): Electricity 2000 3000 3500 3800 4000 Fuel for Cooking 1000 1500 1700 2000 2400 Salary 3000 3400 3800 4000 4200 Wages 500 600 800 1000 1200 Raw materials 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 Others 500 600 700 800 900 Total 9000 11600 13500 15100 16700 Projected Margin: Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Sales (MYR) 50000 60000 70000 80000 90000 Cost (MYR) 37500 40100 42000 43600 45200 Profit (MYR) 12500 19900 28000 36400 44800 Proposed Strategy and Business Model For running the proposed business successfully, the particular entrepreneur should prepare a business plan. The business plan helps to run the business successfully as the business plan is composed of various business ideas, structure from various different angles that includes finance, marketing and operations. Therefore, for obtaining financing for the business, a written and formal business plan is prepared to represent it to the investor or lender (Mayes and Shank 2012). It has been noted that if the entrepreneur does not require the application of the financing, then at least for assembling, a proper business plan is required for the start-up business as it is considered as the start-up strategy. This helps in detailing the vision of the proposed business and this also helps the entrepreneur to guide the business. The second strategy is to know the customers of the company. This includes the entrepreneur should know about his business target market and target customers. This hel ps in understanding the market and present condition of the firm. Better understanding of the target customers and target market helps the entrepreneur to provide more innovative and creative products and services (Rothwell et al. 2012). The best strategy for knowing the customers of a particular business is the market survey and market research. Data and information can be gathered by performing survey or even by interview. These collected information and data also help in understanding the nature of the customers. Lastly, the particular entrepreneur should set some measurable objectives as these goals encourage the entrepreneur to run the business in a right direction and in a right way (Lindholm et al. 2012). The pre-determined measureable goals help the entrepreneur to adjust the objective of the firm if required. The measurable objectives also help to measure the progress of the business and without setting any goal, an organization or a start-up business can never meet its tar get. For accessing whether the target has been met by the business or not, the entrepreneur should check the measure of the business, the sales and profit report of the business on a daily basis or in a weekly or monthly basis, so that the business can reach its target (Stone 2011). The implementation of proper strategies within a start-up business is not sufficient to run the proposed business successfully in future. The business model that a start-up business should follow is composed of three factors and can be analyzed in details by implementing a set theory. These factors are customer desires and external realities, what the entrepreneur sells and the internal activities and lastly, the objectives of the firm and the financial targets (Kaplan 2012). The sub-set of customer desires and external realties intersect with the subset of what the business sells and the internal activities (Torrington 2011). On the other hand, the subset of customer desires and external realities intersect with the goals of the business and the financial targets. Similarly, the objectives of the business and financial targets intersect with the subset of what the company sells and its internal activities. The intersection point created by all the three subsets help to determine th e profit of the company or the business. When a business or a company follow this particular business model of set theory, the particular business will run successfully and it will also help to achieve the positive financial results regarding the new venture (Weaver 2012). As the three essential factors of the business model are interlinked to each other and intersect at a mid point, it can be said that the particular business model thus helps to provide positive financial result to the particular organization or business. Conditions Help to Avoid Failure In order to avoid any failure in the operation and regulation of the proposed business, the particular entrepreneur should follow the financial analysis model or the financial model development. The financial model development consists of seven steps. These include the client objective, user needs, plan and structure, specifications, build and code, testing and auditing and lastly user review (Wilton 2013). From this it can be said that the particular proposed business should identify the client objective and as per the demand of the consumers the particular business should prepare healthy, tasty and fresh food for capturing more market. However, if the demands and needs of the consumers are fulfilled and satisfied by the consumers, then the customers would start preferring the food and service of the proposed restaurant and thus they would become loyal customers to the firm (Truss, Mankin and Kelliher 2012). The needs of the users are thus considered as an important factor as if th e needs of the consumers are fulfilled then they would become satisfied and thus, sales and profit percentage of the firm would increase. Proper planning and structure is necessary to run the business effectively and efficiently. Accurate planning will help to regulate and operate business easily and this will help the owner of the firm to earn positive cash inflows. Some specifications or unique item of the service should attract more customers and this will lead the financial condition of the business to a positive direction. Examining and auditing of the financial statements of the business will help to identify any negativity within the firm and thus it will provide scope to the owner of the business to modify or to rectify them. This helps to strengthen the financial condition of the firm. The user review also helps the owner of the firm to understand the mentality of its customers to the service and the quality of food provided to them by the company. This review of the consum ers also help to modify the regulations and operations of the firm and thus, it also indirectly helps the firm to run in the right direction in order to earn positive financial values and also to avoid failure in the business (Werner, Schuler and Jackson 2012). Conclusion Therefore, it can be concluded that the particular proposed business plan of setting out a full-service restaurant in Malaysia is a feasible business as it will earn huge profits in future. The feasibility analysis of the business plan indicates that the large population, large percentage of people from higher income group, the lifestyle of the people of the country and the enriched tourism sector will help to run the proposed business successfully in future. In addition to this, the financial analysis of the proposed business have also been performed that includes the projected sales and profit percentage, suggested cost of the various food items, projected margin, fixed and variable costs and forecasted sales volume. All these financial analyses indicate that the total cost of the business at the initial stage and even in the projected five year financial statement is lower than the revenue or the sales of the company for all the projected years. This implies that the particular pr oposed business plan is feasible and will run effectively, efficiently, smoothly and successfully in future and will earn higher return in each of the five projected years starting from the initial year as the demand of the Asian food is much high in Malaysia. References Armstrong, M. (2014).Armstrong's Handbook of Human Resource Management Practice. London: Kogan Page. Armstrong, M. and Armstrong, M. (2011).Armstrong's handbook of strategic human resource management. London: Kogan Page. Bohlander, G. and Snell, S. (2013).Principles of human resource management. Australia: South-Western/Cengage Learning. Byars, L. and Rue, L. (2011).Human resource management. New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. DeCenzo, D., Robbins, S. and Verhulst, S. (2013).Fundamentals of human resource management. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley Sons. DelCampo, R. (2011).Human resource management demystified. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. Dessler, G. (2013).A framework for human resource management. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Pearson Prentice Hall. Dessler, G. (2013).Fundamentals of Human Resource Management. Harlow: Pearson Education. Dessler, G. (2013).Human resource management. Boston: Prentice Hall. Dessler, G. (2014).Fundamentals of human resource management. Boston: Pearson. Dowling, P., Festing, M. and Engle, A. (2013).International human resource management. Andover: Cengage Learning. Harzing, A. and Pinnington, A. (2011).International human resource management. London: SAGE. Hayton, J. (2011).Global human resource management casebook. New York, NY: Routledge. Ivancevich, J. and Konopaske, R. (2013).Human resource management. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Irwin. Kaplan, S. (2012).Business model innovation factory. Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley Sons. Lindholm, J., Rothwell, W., Yarrish, K. and Zaballero, A. (2012).The encyclopedia of human resource management. Hoboken: John Wiley Sons. Mayes, T. and Shank, T. (2012).Financial analysis with Microsoft Excel. Australia: South-Western. Mendling, J. and Weidlich, M. (2012).Business process model and notation. Berlin: Springer. Mondy, R. and Mondy, J. (2012).Human resource management. Boston: Prentice Hall. Mondy, R. and Mondy, J. (2014).Human resource management. Boston: Pearson. Noe, R. (2014).Fundamentals of human resource management. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Prescott, R. and Rothwell, W. (2012).The encyclopedia of human resource management. Hoboken: John Wiley Sons. Price, A. and Price, A. (2011).Human resource management. Andover: Cengage Learning. Robinson, T. (2012).International financial statement analysis. Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley Sons. Rosa, M. and Soffer, P. (2013).Business process management workshops. Berlin: Springer. Rothwell, W., Prescott, R., Lindholm, J., Yarrish, K., Zaballero, A. and Benscoter, G. (2012).The encyclopedia of human resource management. San Francisco: Pfeiffer. Stone, R. (2011).Human resource management. Milton, Qld.: John Wiley. Torrington, D. (2011).Human resource management. Harlow, England: Financial Times/Prentice Hall. Truss, C., Mankin, D. and Kelliher, C. (2012).Strategic human resource management. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Weaver, S. (2012).The essentials of financial analysis. New York: McGraw-Hill. Werner, S., Schuler, R. and Jackson, S. (2012).Human resource management. Australia: South-Western Cengage Learning. Wilton, N. (2013).An introduction to human resource management. London: SAGE.